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Direct linkHong, Szu-Wei; Chan, Roger W. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: This study examined the acoustic properties of Taiwanese (Southern Min) lexical tones produced in esophageal speech (ES) and pneumatic artificial laryngeal speech (PAL), including onset fundamental frequency (F0), slope of F0 contour, duration, and amplitude (intensity) of the vowel portion of syllables carrying seven Taiwanese tones.…
Descriptors: Acoustics, Speech Communication, Intonation, Vowels
