Freshman grades relate to academic outcomes, yet limited research explores which students face the highest risk of course failure. With logit analysis using a five-year Arkansas dataset (n = 164,688), we find that economically disadvantaged ninth-grade students are more likely to fail a course than their more privileged peers. This disparity…

Deep science understanding is reflected in students' ability to use content and skills when making sense of the world. Assessing deep understanding requires measuring complex constructs that combine elements of content and skills. To develop valid measures of complex constructs, we need to understand how their theoretical dimensionality, reflected…

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine how integrative STEM teachers utilize the "Standards for Technological and Engineering Literacy" (STEL) to foster and assess 21st-century learning in technology and engineering classes at multiple Virginia public secondary schools. The theory guiding this study was Kolb's…

The study aimed to determine which of the domains in school quality significantly influence the self-esteem of CNHS learners. The quantitative non-experimental design using the correlational technique was used in the study. It was conducted in Compostela National High School involving 300 Junior High learners, specifically learners of grade 7,…

Rural students often face challenges in receiving high-quality education in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Yet without meaningful STEM educational opportunities, rural students might not develop the knowledge and skills needed to compete in a technology-driven workforce. The Learning by Making program (LbyM), an innovative…

Recent research has revealed that the relationship between language and culture stands out as an important factor in language teaching. The purpose of this study was to examine the cultural content of ninth-grade textbooks used in teaching English based on the WorldReadiness Standards for Learning Languages (WRSLL), and also from teachers'…