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Direct linkRao, Nirmala; Su, Yufen; Gong, Jing – International Journal of Early Childhood, 2022
China has made significant progress in enhancing maternal and child health over the past 70 years but geographic-based disparities in early childhood development remain. This study investigated trends in urban-rural gaps in early childhood development and the factors that influence them by leveraging secondary data from the China Family Panel…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Rural Urban Differences, Preschool Education, Child Development
Richards, Ben; Rao, Nirmala; Chan, Stephanie W. Y. – Oxford Review of Education, 2023
Sustainable Development Goal Target 4.2.1 is monitored by determining the proportion of children aged 24 to 59 months who are developmentally on track in the domains of health, learning, and psychosocial well-being. UNICEF has developed a caregiver report measure, the Early Childhood Development Index 2030 (ECDI2030), to measure progress towards…
Descriptors: Sustainable Development, Child Development, Early Childhood Education, Psychometrics
Rao, Nirmala; Chan, Stephanie W. Y.; Su, Yufen; Richards, Ben; Cappa, Claudia; De Castro, E. Filipa; Petrowski, Nicole – Early Education and Development, 2022
Assessment of progress toward UN Sustainable Development Goal 4 requires measurement of the proportion of children aged 24 to 59 months developmentally on track in health, learning, and psychosocial well-being (Indicator 4.2.1). UNICEF's methodological work culminated with the development of the Early Childhood Development Index 2030 (ECDI2030) to…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Child Development, Preschool Children, Age Differences
Cuartas, Jorge; McCoy, Dana; Sánchez, Juliana; Behrman, Jere; Cappa, Claudia; Donati, Georgina; Heymann, Jody; Lu, Chunling; Raikes, Abbie; Rao, Nirmala; Richter, Linda; Stein, Alan; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu – Developmental Science, 2023
This paper used longitudinal data from five studies conducted in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Ethiopia, and Rwanda to examine the links between family stimulation and early childhood development outcomes (N = 4904; M[subscript age] = 51.5; 49% girls). Results from random-effects and more conservative child-fixed effects models indicate that…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Young Children, Child Development, Family Environment
Richards, Ben; Umayahara, Mami; Mirpuri, Sheena; Rao, Nirmala – International Journal of Early Years Education, 2022
The association between five indicators of inequality (geo-ethnicity, height-for-age, socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and preschool participation) and child development was examined among 1498 3- to 5-year olds from the Khmer and Phnong ethnic groups in Cambodia. Children were directly assessed using the East Asia-Pacific Early Child…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Child Development, Justice, Social Class
Richards, Ben; Umayahara, Mami; Maw, Naing; Rao, Nirmala – Early Education and Development, 2021
Research Findings: This study examined the relation between early childhood education (ECE) participation and early child development in Myanmar. It considered whether this relation varied by ethnic group, language(s) spoken at home, and language(s) of ECE instruction. Participants were 1,494 children (759 girls) from Myanmar, aged between 36 and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Early Childhood Education, Child Development, Program Effectiveness
Rao, Nirmala; Chan, Stephanie W. Y.; Su, Yufen; Mirpuri, Sheena; Richards, Ben; Sun, Jin; Li, Zhang; Ip, Patrick – Early Child Development and Care, 2023
Changes in physical activity levels and increases in screen time across different cohorts may affect young children's motor skill development (MSD). This study examined cohort differences in MSD in China. Four-year-olds living in Shanghai and in Guizhou province were assessed, in individual sessions, in 2013 (n = 230) and in 2017 (n = 446).…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Young Children, Motor Development, Physical Activity Level
Yang, Yi; Rao, Nirmala – Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 2021
Early childhood education (ECE) is not given as much attention as primary and secondary education in rural areas in China, and rural preschool teachers lack opportunities to receive high quality and appropriate pre-service and in-service professional training. This study focused on professional development (PD) opportunities available for…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Rural Areas, Preschool Teachers, Preschool Education
