NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
Publication Date
In 20250
Since 20240
Since 2021 (last 5 years)1
Audience
Location
Virginia1
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Showing one result Save | Export
Walter A. Herring; Daphna Bassok; Anita S. McGinty; Luke C. Miller; James H. Wyckoff – Educational Researcher, 2022
Federal accountability policy mandates that states administer standardized tests beginning in third grade. In turn, third-grade test scores are often viewed as a key indicator in policy and practice. Yet literacy struggles begin well before third grade, as do racial and socioeconomic disparities in children's literacy skills. Kindergarten…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Emergent Literacy, Reading Ability