The working principles of my dissertation originate with my collaboration with Storey and Walsh's Petrarchive, an innovative digital edition based on a new "rich-text" approach to Petrarch's "Rerum vulgarium fragmenta," maintaining both the textual-material and the digital aspects of my experience. The "Fragmenta" is…

This research focuses on criticism and praise in Arabic literature, history and poetry towards those in charge of the scientific movement in the Medieval Era. The research method was theoretical and qualitative. Many poets and scholars praised the rulers and sultans who established mosques and other educational institutions (madrasa-s) based on…