The Bantu Education system, which replaced missionary-run black schooling in the mid-1950s, expanded schooling to accommodate the basic economic needs of the South African economy but it was done as cheaply as possible. The state paid teachers' salaries and in return it expected obedience and conformity from its employees. It was a tight-fisted,…

Higher education institutions play an important role in the transmission of cultural capital which often emphasize the knowledge and skills that help students persist. Cultural capital is defined as the knowledge an individual develops over time from socialization that inform cultural skills and characteristics. According to the literature,…