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Direct linkMadeline B. Harms; Sherona D. Garrett-Ruffin – npj Science of Learning, 2023
The income-achievement gap is a significant and stubborn problem in the United States, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we link two emerging literatures that have historically been disparate: the neurobiology of poverty as a form of early life stress, and research on educational policies with the potential to…
Descriptors: Poverty, Stress Variables, Neurology, Biology
Shukla, Sarita Y.; Theobald, Elli J.; Abraham, Joel K.; Price, Rebecca M. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2022
The term "achievement gap" has a negative and racialized history, and using the term reinforces a deficit mindset that is ingrained in U.S. educational systems. In this essay, we review the literature that demonstrates why "achievement gap" reflects deficit thinking. We explain why biology education researchers should avoid…
Descriptors: Achievement Gap, Science Education, Biology, Educational Opportunities
Harris, Rebecca B.; Grunspan, Daniel Z.; Pelch, Michael A.; Fernandes, Giselle; Ramirez, Gerardo; Freeman, Scott – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2019
Gender gaps in exam scores or final grades are common in introductory college science and engineering classrooms, with women underperforming relative to men with the same admission test scores or college grade point averages. After failing to close a historically documented gender gap in a large introductory biology course using interventions…
Descriptors: Test Anxiety, Intervention, Gender Differences, Undergraduate Students
Cameron, Kristina; Malone, Kathy L.; Sabree, Zakee; Schuchardt, Anita – Science Activities: Projects and Curriculum Ideas in STEM Classrooms, 2023
The use of modeling-based instruction is very effective when learning science content in multiple disciplines for native speakers. However, the benefits of using this pedagogy with students learning English as a second language or English Learners (ELs) have not been widespread, especially at the upper secondary level. This article discusses the…
Descriptors: STEM Education, English Language Learners, Educational Benefits, Biology
Victoria S. Farrar; Bianca-Yesenia Cruz Aguayo; Natalia Caporale – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2023
Despite the existent gender parity in undergraduate biology degree attainment, gendered differences in outcomes are prevalent in introductory biology courses. Less is known about whether these disparities persist at the upper-division level, after most attrition is assumed to have occurred. Here, we report the consistent presence of gender equity…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Achievement Gap, Biology, College Science
Download full textJudith M. Harackiewicz; Cameron A. Hecht; Michael W. Asher; Patrick N. Beymer; Liana B. Lamont; Natalie S. Wheeler; Nicole M. Else-Quest; Stacy J. Priniski; Jessi L. Smith; Janet S. Hyde; Dustin B. Thoman – Grantee Submission, 2023
Many college students, especially first-generation and underrepresented racial/ethnic minority students, desire courses and careers that emphasize helping people and society. Can instructors of introductory science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) courses promote motivation, performance, and equity in STEM fields by emphasizing the…
Descriptors: Minority Serving Institutions, Hispanic American Students, Science Instruction, Biology
Odom, Sara; Boso, Halle; Bowling, Scott; Brownell, Sara; Cotner, Sehoya; Creech, Catherine; Drake, Abby Grace; Eddy, Sarah; Fagbodun, Sheritta; Hebert, Sadie; James, Avis C.; Just, Jan; St. Juliana, Justin R.; Shuster, Michele; Thompson, Seth K.; Whittington, Richard; Wills, Bill D.; Wilson, Alan E.; Zamudio, Kelly R.; Zhong, Min; Ballen, Cissy J. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2021
To investigate patterns of gender-based performance gaps, we conducted a meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished data collected across 169 undergraduate biology and chemistry courses. While we did not detect an overall gender gap in performance, heterogeneity analyses suggested further analysis was warranted, so we investigated whether…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Achievement Gap, Science Achievement, College Science
Jordt, Hannah Lillian – ProQuest LLC, 2019
Plasmids exist in bacteria and are small, extrachromosomal pieces of DNA that often encode accessory genes such as antibiotic resistance genes. They are largely responsible for spreading antibiotic resistance genes through bacterial populations via their ability to conjugate into different bacterial hosts or species. In environments without…
Descriptors: Biology, Introductory Courses, Values, Minority Group Students
H. Moriah Sokolowski; Daniel Ansari – npj Science of Learning, 2018
Early educational interventions aim to close gaps in achievement levels between children. However, early interventions do not eliminate individual differences in populations and the effects of early interventions often fade-out over time, despite changes of the mean of the population immediately following the intervention. Here, we discuss…
Descriptors: Biology, Achievement Gap, Genetics, Academic Achievement
Salehi, S.; Berk, S. A.; Brunelli, R.; Cotner, S.; Creech C.; Drake, A. G.; Fagbodun, S.; Hall, C.; Hebert, S.; Hewlett, J.; James, A. C.; Shuster, M.; St. Juliana, J. R.; Stovall, D. B.; Whittington, R.; Zhong, M.; Ballen, C. J. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2021
To enhance equity and diversity in undergraduate biology, recent research in biology education focuses on best practices that reduce learning barriers for all students and improve academic performance. However, the majority of current research into student experiences in introductory biology takes place at large, predominantly White institutions.…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Performance Factors, Achievement Gap, Introductory Courses
Murphy, Steve – Research in Science Education, 2020
Science and science education are recognised internationally as essential for ensuring a sustainable and prosperous future. At the same time, significant equity issues are apparent in science education. This study used enrolment and academic result data, routinely collected from government schools in Victoria, Australia, to examine the impact of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Science Education, Socioeconomic Status, Geographic Location
Freeman, Scott; Pape-Lindstrom, Pamela; Casper, Anne; Eddy, Sarah – Journal of College Science Teaching, 2020
High-structure course designs have reduced achievement gaps for low-income and underrepresented minority students at research universities. But do community college students have time to do the preclass preparation required for intensive active learning, given their work and family commitments? We asked introductory majors biology students at two…
Descriptors: Community Colleges, Two Year College Students, Biology, Majors (Students)
Bauer, Angela C.; Coffield, Vernon M.; Crater, Dinene; Lyda, Todd; Segarra, Verónica A.; Suh, Kevin; Vigueira, Cynthia C.; Vigueira, Patrick A. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2020
Recent studies demonstrate that significant learning gains can be achieved when instructors take intentional steps to address the affective components of learning. While such efforts enhance the outcomes of all students, they are particularly beneficial for students from underrepresented groups and can reduce performance gaps. In the present…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Outcomes of Education, Biology, Science Instruction
Hecht, Cameron A.; Harackiewicz, Judith M.; Priniski, Stacy J.; Canning, Elizabeth A.; Tibbetts, Yoi; Hyde, Janet S. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2019
A wide range of occupations require science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) skills, yet almost half of students who intend to pursue a postsecondary STEM education abandon these plans before graduating from college. This attrition is especially pronounced among underrepresented groups (i.e., racial/ethnic minorities and…
Descriptors: First Generation College Students, College Science, Introductory Courses, Biology
Hecht, Cameron A.; Harackiewicz, Judith M.; Priniski, Stacy J.; Canning, Elizabeth A.; Tibbettts, Yoi; Hyde, Janet S. – Grantee Submission, 2019
A wide range of occupations require science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) skills, yet almost half of students who intend to pursue a postsecondary STEM education abandon these plans before graduating from college. This attrition is especially pronounced among underrepresented groups (i.e., racial/ethnic minorities and…
Descriptors: First Generation College Students, College Science, Introductory Courses, Biology
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