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Lawrence, Whitney J.; Mathis, Janelle B. – Language and Education, 2020
Current literacy assessments are focused on a single mode of meaning-making (reading and writing, whether oral or written) and assume that literacy and language are 'fixed systems'-- comprised of discrete skills that can be taught and measured in isolation. This validation and privileging of a single mode of assessment are most culpable in…
Descriptors: Children, Literacy, Portfolio Assessment, Grade 4