Augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, and extended reality are becoming prominent in science education. However, in many reports on the matter, there is no clear differentiation between these different technologies. We comment on potential distinctions to avoid confusion and recommend a clear separation and naming of technology, as…

Self-study is an integral part of chemistry learning, whereby the students consume knowledge outside of the classroom environment. The COVID-19 pandemic magnified the need for efficient methods of synchronous and asynchronous instructional content delivery worldwide. Virtual reality (VR) presents a prospective technological solution to aid…

Digital learning tools and laboratory simulations have been an area of great interest not only due to the advancements of at-home learning but also by allowing students and institutions access to experiences they would not have otherwise due to the high cost of commercial instrumentation. The need for online learning tools became especially…

The double-indicator method is often used in the analysis of Na[subscript 2]CO[subscript 3], NaHCO[subscript 3], and NaOH mixtures (carbonate mixtures). In this method, the determination of the volumes at the first and second equivalence points plays a crucial role in analyzing the composition and content of the carbonate mixtures. Here, LabVIEW…

Performing HPLC-based experiments in the undergraduate practical classroom is difficult because of the time required to perform an analysis. This limits the type of practical to one that undertakes a simple quantitative analysis. However, with the use of sophisticated simulators, such as the one employed in this exercise, more complex experiments…

Natural sciences can be difficult to grasp because physical and chemical phenomena can take place across time and length scales that are beyond the reach of human perception. This problem is particularly true for students attempting to learn about microfluidics, a discipline that involves intricate engineering methods and fluid phenomena that are…

Gaussian-2-Blender is an open-source application programming interface (API) written in Python that allows for the conversion of Gaussian input files to 3D objects of different formats. This new tool was developed in response to the shortcomings of available programs to import Gaussian calculations into augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality…

Guided by the 5E framework (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate), a buffer solution courseware was designed using "Articulate Rise," a content authoring tool. It was deployed in a freshman general chemistry course in the April semesters of 2022 and 2023. The courseware was a supplementary resource to support instructor-created…

Theoretical and practical foundations of basic electrochemical concepts of heterogeneous charge transfer reactions that underline electrochemical processes are presented for their detailed study by undergraduate and postgraduate students. Several simple methods for calculating key variables, such as the half-wave potential, limiting current, and…

An ICP-MS simulation was developed to support the teaching of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The app enables students to conduct the quantification of selenium in a nutritional supplement, monitor the uptake of metallodrugs by cells, and perform qualitative analysis of gunshot residue. The experiments teach a range of analytical…

Understanding the physicochemical properties of organic compounds with potential biological uses is central in current research topics. Thus, students must pursue the integration of different fields of chemistry to obtain and understand the physicochemical parameters that characterize the mechanism of action of key organics compounds. This…

A qualitative sugar identification laboratory was adapted from a hands-on experiment to a virtual "choose your own adventure" experience where students select virtual experiments to conduct on samples of known and unknown carbohydrates. Students select positive and negative controls for each qualitative test and compare results from the…

The Databank of Dynamics Trajectories (DDT, notthatddt.org) was established to assist students in visualizing the dynamical behaviors occurring during chemical reactions and conformational changes, with a focus on processes taught in introductory organic chemistry classes. Animations of reacting molecules created using "ab initio"…

Herein, we developed a mobile augmented reality (AR) application that can recognize chemical bonding by arranging markers on which atoms are augmented, in accordance with the specific characteristics of actual chemical bonding. From an educational affordance perspective, the development targets for AR application were selected to recognize…

The present technology report is aimed at demonstrating how the implementation of VR chemistry simulations of atomic structure enhances learning among students. MEL Chemistry VR lessons were incorporated into the classroom for 43 first-year undergraduate ITMO University students. The visualization techniques provided the learners with two…