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Zirkel, Perry A. – Communique, 2020
Seclusion, used broadly to include time-out (Bon & Zirkel, 2014), and other aversives, such as restraint, continues to be an active area of legal activity, particularly for students with disabilities. The September 2016 issue of "Communiqué" provided an update of the case law specific to school district use of seclusion (Zirkel,…
Descriptors: Students with Disabilities, Discipline, Court Litigation, Constitutional Law
Zirkel, Perry A. – Communique, 2019
Suicide rates among teenagers have increased significantly in recent years. The professional literature for public school personnel has been increasingly extensive. Yet, the corresponding coverage of liability case law regarding student suicide has been far from systematic and objective. An article in a legal periodical, written by Zirkel and…
Descriptors: Suicide, Adolescents, Legal Responsibility, Court Litigation