In 2014, the National Democratic Alliance, led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), won the general election with the highest number of seats won by any party since 1984 and went on to win a second term victory in 2019. Since the rise of the BJP, Hindu nationalist interventions into education have increased. Their agenda has been to…

In normative multilingual ESL/EFL contexts like India, non-dominant cultural and ethnic representations are absent or superficially represented in English textbooks. For learners from linguistically disadvantaged groups, English has to be negotiated through an unfamiliar dominant language. In this article, I argue that appropriate inclusivity…

Educational institutions are more concentrated on preferable measured outcomes rather than theoretical ones. Measuring subject knowledge obtains through written examination is easy, even as skills such as critical and logical thinking, decision making, problem-solving ability, creative thinking are difficult to measure. The education field is…

Textbooks play significant role in teaching and learning continuum. Due to this reason, Curriculum wings and Directorate of staff development (Punjab) have had continuous check and monitoring in devising goals and standards in textbooks from grade 1 to grade 10. But at intermediate level specially in12th grade, the same text book i.e.…

Geometrical concepts play a crucial role in developing spatial thinking and reasoning. Further, curricular materials play a key role in shaping student-learning experiences in the classroom. The organisation of the content of textbooks plays a decisive role in how and when students are introduced to concepts, especially given the…

The introduction conveys some data on learning in India and on designing Geography textbooks in this country. The present paper is reliant on four Geography textbooks, ranging from the 9th to the 12th grade. As regards each textbook, the study considers their learning units, then analyses their structure, the unitary way of designing them, the…