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Steven Glazerman; Larissa Campuzano; Nancy Murray – Evaluation Review, 2025
Randomized experiments involving education interventions are typically implemented as cluster randomized trials, with schools serving as clusters. To design such a study, it is critical to understand the degree to which learning outcomes vary between versus within clusters (schools), specifically the intraclass correlation coefficient. It is also…
Descriptors: Educational Experiments, Foreign Countries, Educational Assessment, Research Design
OECD Publishing, 2017
The PISA for Development (PISA-D) project aims to make PISA more accessible and relevant to middle- and low-income countries by introducing new features to the assessment, including tests that are specially designed to measure lower levels of performance, contextual questionnaires that better reflect the situations of 15-year-olds across a diverse…
Descriptors: International Assessment, Secondary School Students, Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests