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Reading from Print, Laptop Computer, and E-Reader: Differences and Similarities for College Students' Learning
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Sage, Kara; Piazzini, Michael; Downey, John Charles; Masilela, Langa – Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2020
Digital and print readings differ in their affordances. Past research supports a print advantage, but few studies have used within-subjects approaches or compared handheld devices and multiple reading genres. We compared college students' reading of several excerpts on paper, a laptop, and an e-reader. Students read on all platforms, completed…
Descriptors: Printed Materials, Laptop Computers, Handheld Devices, Undergraduate Students
The Virtual COVID-19 Classroom: Surveying Outcomes, Individual Differences, and Technology Use in College Students
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Sage, Kara; Jackson, Sophia; Fox, Emily; Mauer, Larissa – Smart Learning Environments, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic caused many colleges to quickly shift to virtual learning, leading students to rely on technology to complete coursework while also experiencing new situations and stressors. The present study explored students' technology use in their online course in conjunction with several student outcomes and individual difference…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, School Closing, Online Courses
Flip It or Click It: Equivalent Learning of Vocabulary from Paper, Laptop, and Smartphone Flashcards
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Sage, Kara; Piazzini, Michael; Downey, John Charles, IV.; Ewing, Sydney – Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 2020
Students frequently utilize digital devices and applications to assist studying. Past research has yielded mixed results on their effectiveness, and scant research has compared portable technologies with each other or focused on smartphones specifically. We compared college students' learning of vocabulary on paper, laptop, and smartphone.…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Computer Uses in Education, Handheld Devices, Learning Strategies
Reading from Print, Computer, and Tablet: Equivalent Learning in the Digital Age
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Sage, Kara; Augustine, Heather; Shand, Hannah; Bakner, Kaelah; Rayne, Sidny – Education and Information Technologies, 2019
We compared college students' learning from, and perceptions of, print and digital readings, with the goal of providing an informed recommendation for students and educators regarding best approaches for reading assignments. To add to the literature, we focused on a common experience in college -- reading an educational article -- in addition to…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Printed Materials, Electronic Publishing, Educational Technology
Flip, Slide, or Swipe? Learning Outcomes from Paper, Computer, and Tablet Flashcards
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Sage, Kara; Krebs, Briana; Grove, Rachel – Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 2019
The present study compared the effectiveness of paper and digital flashcards. College students learned vocabulary from paper, computer, or tablet flashcards that were self-created or ready-made. Students then completed a memory recall test and answered questions on cognitive load, perceived control, satisfaction, and several individual difference…
Descriptors: Instructional Materials, Computer Assisted Instruction, Conventional Instruction, Printed Materials
Pacing, Pixels, and Paper: Flexibility in Learning Words from Flashcards
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Sage, Kara; Rausch, Joseph; Quirk, Abigail; Halladay, Lauren – Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 2016
The present study focused on how self-control over pace might help learners successfully extract information from digital learning aids. Past research has indicated that too much control over pace can be overwhelming, but too little control over pace can be ineffective. Within the popular self-testing domain of flashcards, we sought to elucidate…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Instructional Materials, Self Control, Pacing