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Mulligan, Neil W.; Susser, Jonathan A.; Horschler, Daniel J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Actions can enhance memory, exemplified by the enactment effect. In a typical experiment, participants hear a series of simple action phrases (e.g., "bounce the ball"), which they either carry out (subject-performed tasks, or SPTs), watch the experimenter carry out (experimenter-performed tasks, EPTs), or simply listen to (verbal tasks,…
Descriptors: Memory, Metacognition, Prediction, Interaction
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Buchin, Zachary L.; West, John T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
The testing effect is 1 of several memory effects moderated by experimental design, such that the effect on free recall is larger in a mixed-list than pure-list design (Mulligan, Susser, & Smith, 2016). The current experiments assess hypotheses regarding why this pattern is found. Three extant accounts of design effects (Nguyen & McDaniel,…
Descriptors: Testing, Research Design, Recall (Psychology), Memory