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Direct linkKozo Yanagawa – Language Awareness, 2024
This study examined the effects of bottom-up instruction (BI) on a high-stakes listening test for second language (L2) listeners and compared these effects with those of strategy instruction (SI) in relation to their proficiency levels. Two intact classes (48 L2 listeners) of different L2 listening proficiency levels received five weeks of BI and…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Metalinguistics, Listening Comprehension Tests
