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Direct linkHumes, Walter – Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 2018
This paper uses the personal histories of two men, born in the same decade and both involved in the field of adult education in Scotland, to illustrate contrasting responses to the social and political changes taking place in the early 20th century. In methodological terms, it draws on recent writing on the relationship between biography and…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Educational History, Biographies, Social Change
Humes, Walter – Journal of Educational Administration and History, 2021
This paper examines a period in Scottish educational history when civil servants, not politicians, were in the ascendancy in the initiation of policy. The first three Secretaries of the Scotch/Scottish Education Department (SED) -- Henry Craik (1846-1927), John Struthers (1857-1925) and George Macdonald (1862-1940) -- enjoyed considerable…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, Educational History, Policy Formation, Public Officials
