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Rubio, Fernando – American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, 2022
It is said that children are amazing at acquiring their first language (L1); by the time they reach school age, they are using complex grammar and demonstrating a wide vocabulary. Even more impressive, these young learners might show up at school with two languages in their toolbox or add a second language (L2) with far less effort than older…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Proficiency, Age Differences
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Dressler, Roswita – Canadian Modern Language Review, 2018
Bilingual language education in Canada comprises Bilingual Programs in minority languages and programs in official languages (e.g., French immersion). However, pedagogy in Bilingual Programs has not been studied to the same depth as it has been in French Immersion, so little is known about the teaching practices within them. Immersion pedagogy,…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, Language Minorities
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Heining-Boynton, Audrey L. – Hispania, 2017
This essay offers a candid overview of the past one hundred years of preK-fifth grade Spanish language teaching and learning in the United States. Among the topics addressed are numbers of programs, program models, and factors that impact the success of learners and programs.
Descriptors: Educational History, Kindergarten, Elementary School Students, Teaching Methods