The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a study of 15-year-old students' performance in reading, mathematics, and science literacy conducted every 3 years. The PISA 2018 results provide a global view of U.S. students' performance compared to their peers in nearly 80 countries and education systems. By design, PISA aims to…

Principals (policy makers) have debated the progress in U.S. student performance for a half century or more. Informing these conversations, survey agents have administered seven million psychometrically linked tests in math and reading in 160 waves to national probability samples of selected cohorts born between 1954 and 2007. This study is the…

Based on the class observations and survey answers from the multicultural class members in higher education who were teaching or studying in China, Russia, South Korea and USA--this study explores the nonverbal factors that facilitate or impede the reciprocal process of enculturation and acculturation. The respondents were 40 instructors from 13…

In the ethnosociological literature, the term "ethnic tolerance" is interpreted as a specific trait of the national character of some particular people, its mentality, a trait that is oriented toward tolerance, harmony, and a willingness to deal constructively with any problems that arise in interethnic relations. The variegated…

This paper reviews the studies of socioeconomic and ethnic and racial differences in intelligence carried out in Russia/USSR during the late 1920s and early 1930s. In these studies the IQs of social classes and of ethnic minorities were tested. These included Tatars (a Caucasoid people), Chuvash and Altai (mixed Caucasoid-Mongoloid peoples), Evenk…