The United States has a lengthy history of welcoming immigrants from throughout the world and ultimately naturalizing and conferring citizenship to them. Yet, a number of indigenous and people of color never consented to citizenship and many still do not wish to have it. This article explores the role of citizenship as a tool to not only…

Globalization and internationalization are topics frequently discussed in the literature and their importance has been growing between higher education institutions around the world. In fact, the number of students seeking study abroad programs were 4.5 million in 2012 and is expected to rise to 7 million in 2020, representing $13.5 billion to US…

The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, is home to approximately 3.4 million U.S. citizens. The literature on Puerto Rican national identity (PRNI) describes how and why it has been debated on the island for more than five hundred years throughout the colonial trajectory, once under Spain and now as a…

This essay considers U.S. civics education policy in Puerto Rico from 1900 to 1904. Civics education in Puerto Rico during these years offers a particularly unique context for exploring education at the edge of empire during the dawn of the twentieth century. The article begins with a discussion of civics education in the United States around that…

The aim of this dissertation project was to explore and extrapolate the work of the left-libertarian social theorist, Murray Bookchin (1921-2006), paying particular attention to his theory of social ecology and to examine its implications for and use as a comprehensive philosophical/theoretical framework for alternative secondary education that…