Generic descriptions (e.g., 'girls are emotional') are argued to play a major role in the development of essentialist reasoning about social categories. Although generics are prevalent across languages, studies exploring if and how generic language leads to essentialism have almost exclusively been conducted in English-speaking communities and…

By analyzing the similarities and differences between the art and art practice of Neshat and Ghazel, this article seeks to examine the way that their art simultaneously deconstructs stereotypes of Iran while offering more encompassing representations. In "un-saying" their life stories, these artists struggle not to "be said" by…