The phenomenon of conflict is considered as one of the most essential phenomena of human beings and is a part of their existence. Conflicts are social phenomena that have existed throughout the history of human society against the will of the people. Their existence in social life has transformed them into universal and objective phenomena that…

The 1990s disintegration of Yugoslavia was marked by vicious ethnic conflict in several parts of the region. In this paper, I consider the role of policy towards the Albanian language in promoting and perpetuating conflict. I take three case studies from the former Yugoslavia in which conflict between ethnic Albanians and the dominant group…

This article explores how teachers navigate and respond to the competing pressures of school change in a global policy context. In postcommunist Albania, national policies reflecting global norms for the teacher's role overshadowed complex and cultural aspects of teaching and learning and, as a result, led to gaps in implementation. On the basis…