Motivation for an action is determined by the expectation for success and subjective judgment on task values according to the expectancy-value theory. Task values, including intrinsic value, attainment value, utility value, and cost, influence and predict the students' engagement in learning activities and their choices in the future. This study…

The proliferation of Internet usage has motivated Internet researchers and practitioners to study possible gratifications underlying Internet use. Despite the fact that research examining Internet gratification is more than two decades old, no attempt has been made in the last decade to develop an instrument that has known reliability of scores…

This study developed an empirically based questionnaire to monitor young learners' conceptions of nature of science (NOS). The questionnaire, entitled Students' Ideas about Nature of Science (SINOS), measured views on theory-ladenness, use of creativity and imagination, tentativeness of scientific knowledge, durability of scientific knowledge,…

Profiling adolescent students' intentional use of science news reports can inform science news-infused instruction. This study reports on the development and validation of a Views of Science News Instruction Questionnaire (VSNIQ) designed to explore Grade 7 (12-13 years old) students' views of reasoning with respect to science news. Forty items…

This article presents the full version of "Views on Science and Education (VOSE)" in both Chinese and English for assessing college students' and adults' views about nature of science and attitudes toward teaching issues in nature of science. The development of VOSE has been delineated in the September issue of "Science Education." The results of…