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In 2025

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English (Second Language)	1
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Language Testing

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Judit Kormos	1
Shungo Suzuki	1

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Japan

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The Moderating Role of L2 Proficiency in the Predictive Power of L1 Fluency on L2 Utterance Fluency

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Shungo Suzuki; Judit Kormos – Language Testing, 2025

The current study examined the extent to which first language (L1) utterance fluency measures can predict second language (L2) fluency and how L2 proficiency moderates the relationship between L1 and L2 fluency. A total of 104 Japanese-speaking learners of English completed different argumentative speech tasks in their L1 and L2. Their speaking…

Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Fluency