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Peitao Zhu; Ching-Chen Chen; Qiu Wang; Melissa M. Luke; Yanhong Liu – Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 2025
Objective: This study aimed to validate the Cultural Humility and Enactment Scale (CHES) through (a) examining its factor structure with multiple samples; (b) employing item response theory (IRT) analysis to examine its item-level characteristics; (c) reducing potential redundancies among items; and (d) conducting measurement invariance (MI)…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Cultural Awareness, Measurement Techniques, Construct Validity