Self-regulated learning (SRL) is critical in online learning, and profiling learners' SRL patterns is needed to provide personalized support. However, little research has examined how each learner performs the cyclical phases of SRL based on trace data. To fill the gap, this study attempts to derive SRL profiles encompassing all cyclical phases of…

Background: Visual representations are pervasive in electrical engineering instruction in various instructional settings. Further, electrical engineering instruction often requires students to extend simple visual representations to learn about more complex visualization in subsequent instruction. Yet, students often struggle to understand…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is a prerequisite for successful learning. However, studies have reported that many students struggle with self-regulation in online learning, indicating the need to provide students with additional support for SRL. This study adopted a design-based research methodology to iteratively design, implement, and evaluate…

Research on academic performance in online education proliferated in the last decade; however, our current understanding of the relationship between self-regulated learning and academic performance in online learning environments remains scattered. This meta-analysis provides a holistic view of the relationship between learners' use of…

When students use metacognition, they can more effectively problem solve on their own and in groups. Most metacognition studies have focused on individual learners while a few studies have begun to explore the metacognition learners use in social settings. Little is known about the comparison between how an individual student may use metacognition…

The transition from high school to university often amounts to a muddled process, making it both an exciting and challenging time for many undergraduate students. Integrating both academically and socially is key in this respect. Social support from peers and teaching staff, but also from family and friends, can have a decisive impact. A learning…

This study focused on freshmen at Yunnan Normal University. The research objectives were threefold: (1) to investigate the role of self-regulatory methods in enhancing students' autonomous learning ability, (2) to study the differences between the control group and the experimental group, and (3) to determine if students are satisfied with…

Research on English for academic purposes (EAP) has mainly adopted a product-oriented view, but rather rarely observed academic writing as a learning process. From the socio-cognitive perspective of learning, the present study investigated first-year EAP learners' self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies for and beliefs about academic writing and…

Developing students' metacognitive awareness and self-efficacy is crucial for fostering independent learning and higher-order thinking skills, especially in research-related tasks. Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of cultivating higher-order thinking skills in higher education, there remains a significant gap in our…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has extensively developed, impacting different sectors of society, including higher education, and has attracted the attention of various educational stakeholders, leading to a growing number of research on its integration into education. Hence, this systematic literature review examines the impact of integrating AI…

Generative AI has emerged as a tool to assist doctoral students as they conduct academic research and writing. In this study, we explored two ways AI has been used by students in our EdD program--informally and independently and in a more formalized, guided manner. First, we found students have been engaged in self-directed, informal, independent…

The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of Learning Goal Orientation (LGO) on Self-Readiness for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (SR-CSCL) and Self-Directed Learning (SDL). LGO is a central concept of motivation, but there is little research on its contribution to SDL and SR-CSCL. This study was performed at the Faculty of…

Motivated by the proliferation of artificial intelligence that has the potential to promote self-access learning, this study utilizes a sequential explanatory quasi-experimental mixed methods design to investigate the efficacy of Google Assistant (GA) in facilitating second language (L2) vocabulary learning compared to online dictionaries. A…

The integration of technology in higher education is constantly evolving, and the recent emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly AI-based chatbots, presents both opportunities and challenges. This rapid advancement raises crucial questions about the effective and appropriate implementation of these tools in learning and…

This article speaks on a critical component of independent learning is to cultivate the habit of self-study, which is an effective way of improving students' grades, material understanding, class participation, and confidence. Self-study also enables students to be independent learners, which not only hones their critical and reasoning skills but…