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Sylvia M. Savvidou; Irene-Anna Diakidoy; Lucia Mason – Reading Research Quarterly, 2025
The present study examined how argument type (science based vs. personal case based), belief consistency (belief consistent vs. inconsistent) and reading goals (read to evaluate vs. read to learn) influence comprehension and trustworthiness evaluations for claim-conflicting multiple texts. Undergraduates read four conflicting texts about the…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Processes, Persuasive Discourse, Beliefs
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Pearl Han Li; Tamar Kushnir – Developmental Science, 2025
Moral decisions often involve dilemmas: cases of conflict between competing obligations. In two studies (N = 204), we ask whether children appreciate that reasoning through dilemmas involves acknowledging that there is no single, simple solution. In Study 1, 5- to 8-year-old US children were randomly assigned to a Moral Dilemma condition, in which…
Descriptors: Childrens Attitudes, Abstract Reasoning, Moral Values, Problem Solving
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Louise Badham – Oxford Review of Education, 2025
Different sources of assessment evidence are reviewed during International Baccalaureate (IB) grade awarding to convert marks into grades and ensure fair results for students. Qualitative and quantitative evidence are analysed to determine grade boundaries, with statistical evidence weighed against examiner judgement and teachers' feedback on…
Descriptors: Advanced Placement Programs, Grading, Interrater Reliability, Evaluative Thinking
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Ping-Lin Chuang – Language Testing, 2025
This experimental study explores how source use features impact raters' judgment of argumentation in a second language (L2) integrated writing test. One hundred four experienced and novice raters were recruited to complete a rating task that simulated the scoring assignment of a local English Placement Test (EPT). Sixty written responses were…
Descriptors: Interrater Reliability, Evaluators, Information Sources, Primary Sources
Emmanuel Dumbuya – Online Submission, 2025
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational ecosystems represents a paradigm shift in pedagogical practices and educational governance. While AI offers unprecedented opportunities to personalize learning, optimize administrative processes, and provide intelligent tutoring, it poses significant challenges to maintaining human…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Educational Technology, Technology Integration
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Shengqing He; Chen Chen – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2025
Students expose various intuitions in probability comparison and calculation tasks. Large volumes of research looked into these intuitions by categorizing learners' strategies, but fewer studies considered how these intuitions may be associated with learners' judgments. Even fewer examined the mixed effects of multiple intuitions held by the same…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Middle School Mathematics, Middle School Students, Mathematics Instruction