The development of an English version of a Dutch instrument--the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI)--that measures interpersonal teacher behavior (TB) is described. Using this instrument, comparisons were made between Dutch and American interpersonal TB. Students' perceptions of TB were used to measure TB. The QTI was first translated into English in 1985. A 100-item version was administered to 537 American secondary school students in 1987, and after revision, to 363 more students. The current 65-item version was given by 31 American physics teachers to 1,606 students. American results were compared with those from two previous studies in the Netherlands. Results indicate that Dutch and American versions of the QTI had the same internal structure, and that Dutch and American teachers displayed the same interpersonal behavior toward their students in many aspects. American teachers wanted to be stricter than did their Dutch colleagues; Dutch teachers wanted to give students more responsibility and freedom. This implies that Dutch teachers emphasize affective outcomes to a greater degree and that American teachers emphasize cognitive outcomes to a greater degree. Seven tables and five figures give data and show relationships. (SLD)