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Functional Outcomes of Children Identified Early in the Developmental Period as at Risk for ASD Utilizing the the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
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Schjølberg, Synnve; Stenberg, Nina; Shic, Frederick; Volkmar, Fred; Øyen, Anne-Siri; Bresnahan, Michaeline; Svendsen, Britt Kveim; von Tetzchner, Stephen; Thronaes, Nina Torheim; Macari, Suzanne; Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Suren, Pål; Øien, Roald A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is regarded as crucial for swift access to early intervention and, subsequently, better outcomes later in life. However, current instruments miss large proportions of children who later go on to be diagnosed with ASD, raising a question of what these instruments measure. The present study…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Identification, Clinical Diagnosis, Developmental Stages
A Prospective Study of Toddlers with ASD: Short-Term Diagnostic and Cognitive Outcomes
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Paul, Rhea; Macari, Suzanne; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Background: Despite recent increases in the number of toddlers referred for a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), knowledge of short-term stability of the early diagnosis as well as cognitive outcomes in this cohort is still limited. Method: Cognitive, social, and communication skills of 89 clinic-referred toddlers were…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Toddlers, Clinical Diagnosis, Nonverbal Communication
Assessment in Multisite Randomized Clinical Trials of Patients with Autistic Disorder: The Autism RUPP Network.
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Arnold, L. Eugene; Aman, Michael G.; Martin, Andres; Collier-Crespin, Angie; Vitiello, Benedetto; Tierney, Elaine; Asarnow, Robert; Bell-Bradshaw, Felicia; Freeman, Betty Jo; Gates-Ulanet, Patricia; Klin, Ami; McCracken, James T.; McDougle, Christopher J.; McGough, James J.; Posey, David J.; Scahill, Lawrence; Swiezy, Naomi B.; Ritz, Louise; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
This paper explains how the Autism Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP Autism Network) resolved common assessment problems including communication problems compromising use of the patient as informant, broad subject heterogeneity, difficulties in assessing low-end IQs, scarcity of autism-adapted cognitive and neuropsychological…
Descriptors: Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Evaluation Methods, Pediatrics
Three Diagnostic Approaches to Asperger Syndrome: Implications for Research
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Klin, Ami; Pauls, David; Schultz, Robert; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Objective: To examine the implications for research of the use of three alternative definitions for Asperger syndrome (AS). Differences across the three nosologic systems were examined in terms of diagnostic assignment, IQ profiles, comorbid symptoms, and familial aggregation of social and other psychiatric symptoms. Method: Standard data on…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Autism, Probability, Clinical Diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Second Year: Stability and Change in Syndrome Expression
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Paul, Rhea; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Objectives: Increasing numbers of young children referred for a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) necessitates better understanding of the early syndrome expression and the utility of the existing state-of-the art diagnostic methods in this population. Method: Out of 31 infants under the age of 2 years referred for a…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Observation, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis
Asperger's Syndrome: A Comparison of Clinical Diagnoses and Those Made According to the ICD-10 and DSM-IV
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Woodbury-Smith, Marc; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The diagnostic criteria for Asperger Syndrome (AS) according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV have been criticized as being too narrow in view of the rules of onset and precedence, whereby autism takes precedence over AS in a diagnostic hierarchy. In order to investigate this further, cases from the DSM-IV multicenter study who had been diagnosed clinically…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Clinical Diagnosis, Autism, Diagnostic Tests
Parental Recognition of Developmental Problems in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Paul, Rhea; Klin, Ami; Hannigen, Sarah; Dichtel, Laura E.; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) begin to manifest during the first 2 years; there is limited evidence regarding type and timing of symptom onset. We examined factors related to parental age of recognition (AOR) of early abnormalities and the association between AOR and diagnosis and levels of functioning at 2 and 4 years in 75 toddlers…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Differentiating between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Developmental Disabilities in Children Who Failed a Screening Instrument for ASD
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Ventola, Pamela; Kleinman, Jamie; Pandey, Juhi; Wilson, Leandra; Esser, Emma; Boorstein, Hilary; Dumont-Mathieu, Thyde; Marshia, Gail; Barton, Marianne; Hodgson, Sarah; Green, James; Volkmar, Fred; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Babitz, Tammy; Robins, Diana; Fein, Deborah – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
This study compared behavioral presentation of toddlers with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and toddlers with global developmental delay (DD) or developmental language disorder (DLD) who display some characteristics of ASD using the diagnostic algorithm items from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Generic (ADOS), the Childhood Autism…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Check Lists, Socialization, Rating Scales
Exploring the Boundaries of Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified: Analyses of Data from the DSM-IV Autistic Disorder Field Trial.
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Buitelaar, Jan K.; Van der Gaag, Rutger; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999
A study compared characteristics of individuals with mild retardation and clinically classified as autistic disorder (n=205), Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDDNOS) (n=80), and other non-PDD disorders (n=174). Only a few items from the ICD-10 and DSM-IV discriminated the PDDNOS group from other disorders. Suggested…
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Classification, Clinical Diagnosis
Interrelationship between Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G), Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) Classification in Children and Adolescents with Mental Retardation
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de Bildt, Annelies; Sytema, Sjoerd; Ketelaars, Cees; Kraijer, Dirk; Mulder, Erik; Volkmar, Fred; Minderaa, Ruud – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2004
The interrelationship between the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) and clinical classification was studied in 184 children and adolescents with Mental Retardation (MR). The agreement between the ADI-R and ADOS-G was fair, with a substantial difference between younger and older…
Descriptors: Autism, Classification, Children, Adolescents
How Commonly Are Known Medical Conditions Associated with Autism?
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Barton, Michelle; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1998
A study of 211 children and adults with autism (n=81), other pervasive development disorders (PDD) (n=24), and conditions other than PDD (n=106) found the prevalence of medical conditions with suspected etiologic relationships with autism varies between 10 and 15%, depending on the diagnostic system employed. (Author/CR)
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Clinical Diagnosis, Congenital Impairments