The literature on factors influencing nontraditional enrollment choices may be approached in this order: background information on the labor force and vocational education, factors influencing nontraditional enrollments, and strategies for increasing nontraditional enrollments. Despite an increase of women in nontraditional occupations, research shows that occupational sex segregation and related wage disparities continue to exist. The problem can be traced to male-dominated and -oriented training programs. Studies of nontraditional students reveal interest and ability as influential enrollment factors; parents are the most important other people involved. The literature on sex role socialization indicates that family members, the mass media, and all elements of public education influence vocational choices. All have been criticized for perpetuating rigid sex roles. The order of influence of "significant others" on occupational preference is parents, peers, teachers, and counselors. Personal factors to be considered in nontraditional choices are ability and interest. An extensive literature on strategies for increasing nontraditional enrollments provides suggestions for programming from the prevocational level to the recruitment of mid-career students at the postsecondary level. Much information is available in the need areas of information, policy planning and implementation, occupational awareness, self-awareness, sex fair counseling/curriculum development, in-service programming, and collaborative efforts. (YLB)