This paper examines some of the findings of selected pertinent reports concerning the nature of women scientists and engineers conducting research. It also looks at women employed in academic institutions, in industry, and in government. Some changes over time are shown in the paper for the periods where comparable data exist, including a discussion of salaries as a fringe indicator of the status of women scientists and engineers. Available data on the labor force participation of women scientists and engineers is examined and questioned, and the findings are summarized. Tables and their interpretation are included in the text. Recommendations regarding future data collection are incorporated at the end of the summary of findings. Some of the findings indicate that more men than women were employed in research and development in 1977, proportionately more women scientists and engineers than men are employed full-time in universities, and women scientists and engineers earn less than men and this salary gap is increasing. (MA/Author)