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Trautwein, Ulrich; Ludtke, Oliver; Kastens, Claudia; Koller, Olaf – Child Development, 2006
In 2 studies, an expectancy-value framework was applied to investigate effort expended on mathematics homework. In Study 1 (2,712 students in grades 5, 7, and 9; mean age=13.37 years), lower homework effort was found in higher grades. The effects of intrinsic value on homework effort were higher in the older cohorts, whereas the effects of the…
Descriptors: Homework, Grade 5, Grade 7, Grade 8