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Porter, Stephen R.; Toutkoushian, Robert K.; Moore, John V., III – Review of Higher Education, 2008
The national media and academic journals have reported a sizable wage gap between men and women in academe--a gap that has persisted over time. Data from the National Center for Education Statistics for 2004-2005 show that the average salary for all male faculty ($69,337) exceeded the average salary for female faculty ($56,926) by almost 22%.…
Descriptors: Wages, Women Faculty, Labor Market, Gender Discrimination
Eckes, Suzanne E.; Toutkoushian, Robert K. – Research in Higher Education, 2006
There have been numerous lawsuits within higher education brought by females over pay inequity and many articles have been written on the topic. Although not as prevalent, there have been some recent instances where male faculty have claimed--with some degree of success--that the process used by their institutions to make salary adjustments for…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Reverse Discrimination, Females, Legal Problems
Toutkoushian, Robert K.; Conley, Valerie Martin – Research in Higher Education, 2005
In this study, we use data from the 1999 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:99) to measure the unexplained wage gap between men and women in academe. We pay particular attention to how these unexplained wage gaps have changed over time by comparing the results from the 1999 survey to published results from previous national surveys and…
Descriptors: Females, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Women Faculty, College Faculty

Toutkoushian, Robert K. – Research in Higher Education, 1998
Simple comparisons of average salaries for junior and senior faculty can not indicate whether the differential is declining, because there is no standard for comparison. A simple five-step regression analysis procedure is proposed to investigate salary compression. Analysis of 1990-91 faculty salary data for the University of Minnesota indicates…
Descriptors: Academic Rank (Professional), Case Studies, College Faculty, Comparative Analysis

Toutkoushian, Robert K. – Review of Higher Education, 1994
Using a salary model and data from the University of Minnesota, this study found that unexplained salary differential between male and female faculty was reduced by 14% when faculty citations were added to the model. The technique for statistical analysis is recommended because of its ease of standardization and application. (MSE)
Descriptors: Citations (References), College Faculty, Comparative Analysis, Faculty Publishing

Toutkoushian, Robert K. – Journal of Higher Education, 1998
Study estimated how pay disparity varied by race, marital status, gender, and field. Results show considerable differences overall, with unexplained wage gaps for racial/ethnic group, dramatic variations between men and women, and further by field. Earnings differences among racial/ethnic categories are not uniform. The return on marriage for men…
Descriptors: College Faculty, Higher Education, Intellectual Disciplines, Marital Status
Toutkoushian, Robert K. – 1994
This paper examines issues involved in selecting a strategy that could be carried out by institutions to achieve salary equity between male and female faculty. It compares potential strategies based on equity of salary adjustments, political constraints, cost to the institution, and whether the plan removes inequities. Steps in determining…
Descriptors: College Faculty, Higher Education, Models, Problem Solving
Toutkoushian, Robert K. – 1998
This paper summarizes the key findings of two separate studies of issues pertaining to pay equity for faculty by race and gender. Data were obtained from the 1988 and 1993 National Studies of Postsecondary Faculty, which contain information on 11,013 and 31,354 faculty, respectively. It was found that the unexplained wage gap between men and women…
Descriptors: Blacks, College Faculty, Comparable Worth, Comparative Analysis
Toutkoushian, Robert K. – 1997
This paper proposes a five-step process by which to analyze whether the salary ratio between junior and senior college faculty exhibits salary compression, a term used to describe an unusually small differential between faculty with different levels of experience. The procedure utilizes commonly used statistical techniques (multiple regression…
Descriptors: College Faculty, Compensation (Remuneration), Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Higher Education