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Hasbrouck, Jan; Tindal, Gerald – Online Submission, 2017
This paper describes the origins of the widely used curriculum--based measure of oral reading fluency (ORF) and how the creation and use of ORF norms has evolved over time. Norms for ORF can be used to help educators make decisions about which students might need intervention in reading and to help monitor students' progress once instruction has…
Descriptors: Curriculum Based Assessment, Oral Reading, Reading Fluency, Test Norms
Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2017
This paper is about oral reading fluency, how it has been measured, the students who have been measured, and the outcomes that have been reported for both performance and progress. This measurement system has almost become ubiquitous with documentation of response to intervention in reading and become a focal point of research on reading. Fluency…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Reading Fluency, Outcomes of Education, Educational Research
Hasbrouck, Jan; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2017
This paper describes the origins of the widely used curriculum-based measure of oral reading fluency (ORF) and how the creation and use of ORF norms has evolved over time. Norms for ORF can be used to help educators make decisions about which students might need intervention in reading and to help monitor students' progress once instruction has…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Reading Fluency, Curriculum Based Assessment, Emergent Literacy
Farley, Dan; Anderson, Daniel; Irvin, P. Shawn; Tindal, Gerald – Remedial and Special Education, 2017
Modeling growth for students with significant cognitive disabilities (SWSCD) is difficult due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, missing data, test scaling, group heterogeneity, and small sample sizes. These challenges may account for the paucity of previous research exploring the academic growth of SWSCD. Our study represents…
Descriptors: Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5, Elementary School Students
Schulte, Ann C.; Stevens, Joseph J.; Elliott, Stephen N.; Tindal, Gerald; Nese, Joseph F. T. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
Reading comprehension growth trajectories from 3rd to 7th grade were estimated for 99,919 students on a state reading comprehension assessment. We examined whether differences between students in general education (GE) and groups of students identified as exceptional learners were best characterized as stable, widening, or narrowing. The groups…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Achievement Gap, Disabilities, Reading Tests
Guerreiro, Meg; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2014
This technical report documents findings from a study of the internal consistency and split-half reliability of the easyCBM© CCSS Reading measures, grades 3-8. Data, drawn from an extant data set gathered in school year 2013-2014, include scores from over 150,000 students' fall and winter benchmark assessments. Findings suggest that the easyCBM©…
Descriptors: Curriculum Based Assessment, Reading Tests, Grade 3, Grade 4
Lai, Cheng-Fei; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2013
In this technical report, we present the results of a study to gather criterion-related evidence for Grade K-1 easyCBM® reading measures. We used correlations to examine the relation between the easyCBM® measures and other published measures with known reliability and validity evidence, including the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy…
Descriptors: Curriculum Based Assessment, Reading Tests, Validity, Correlation
Basaraba, Deni; Yovanoff, Paul; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2013
Although the recent identification of the five critical components of early literacy has been a catalyst for modifications to the content of materials used to provide reading instruction and the tools used to examine student's acquisition of early literacy skills, these skills have not received equal attention from test developers and publishers.…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Emergent Literacy, Reading Tests, Test Items
Baker, Doris Luft; Biancarosa, Gina; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Bousselot, Tracy; Smith, Jean-Louise; Baker, Scott K.; Kame'enui, Edward J.; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2015
We examined the criterion validity and diagnostic efficiency of oral reading fluency (ORF), word reading accuracy, and reading comprehension (RC) for students in Grades 7 and 8 taking into account form effects of ORF, time of assessment, and individual differences, including student designations of limited English proficiency and special education…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Reading Fluency, Reading Comprehension, Reading Tests
Anderson, Daniel; Park, Jasmine, Bitnara; Lai, Cheng-Fei; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2012
This technical report is one in a series of five describing the reliability (test/retest/and alternate form) and G-Theory/D-Study research on the easy CBM reading measures, grades 1-5. Data were gathered in the spring 2011 from a convenience sample of students nested within classrooms at a medium-sized school district in the Pacific Northwest. Due…
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Generalizability Theory, Curriculum Based Assessment, Elementary School Students
Anderson, Daniel; Lai, Cheg-Fei; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2012
This technical report is one in a series of five describing the reliability (test/retest an alternate form) and G-Theory/D-Study on the easyCBM reading measures, grades 1-5. Data were gathered in the spring of 2011 from the convenience sample of students nested within classrooms at a medium-sized school district in the Pacific Northwest. Due to…
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Generalizability Theory, Curriculum Based Assessment, Elementary School Students
Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Anderson, Daniel; Alonzo, Julie; Lai, Cheng-Fei; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2012
This technical report is one in a series of five describing the reliability (test/retest and alternate form) and G-Theory/D-Study research on the easyCBM reading measures, grades 1-5. Data were gathered in the spring of 2011 from a convenience sample of students nested within classrooms at a medium-sized school district in the Pacific Northwest.…
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Generalizability Theory, Curriculum Based Assessment, Elementary School Students
Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Anderson, Daniel; Alonzo, Julie; Lai, Cheng-Fei; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2012
This technical report is one in a series of five describing the reliability (test/retest and alternate form) and G-Theory/D-Study research on the easyCBM reading measures, grades 1-5. Data were gathered in the spring of 2011 from a convenience sample of students nested within classrooms at a medium-sized school district in the Pacific Northwest.…
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Generalizability Theory, Curriculum Based Assessment, Reading Tests
Lai, Cheng-Fei; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Anderson, Daniel; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2012
This technical report is one in a series of five describing the reliability (test/retest and alternate form) and G-Theory/D-Study research on the easyCBM reading measures, grades 1-5. Data were gathered in the spring of 2011 from a convenience sample of students nested within classrooms at a medium-sized school district in the Pacific Northwest.…
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Generalizability Theory, Curriculum Based Assessment, Elementary School Students
Lai, Cheng-Fei; Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2013
In this technical report, we present the results of a study to gather criterion-related evidence for Grade 2-5 easyCBM® reading measures. We used correlations to examine the relation between the easyCBM® measures and other published measures with known reliability and validity evidence, including the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Tests and the Dynamic…
Descriptors: Curriculum Based Assessment, Reading Tests, Validity, Correlation