This report summarizes the present and past status of students with disabilities in educational assessment and accountability systems, and highlights the critical emerging issues to be addressed. Issues include participation in accountability systems, graduation requirements, data management, accommodations, alternate assessments, reporting, and increasing performance. For each issue, current relevant facts are provided, along with strategies to achieve further inclusion of students with disabilities in assessment and accountability systems. Some recommendations are to: (1) encourage the inclusion of scores of students with disabilities in accountability systems; (2) offer strategies to states for counting and reporting assessment results of all students; (3) identify a set of guiding principles for including students with disabilities in graduation requirements; (4) urge states to allow testing accommodations, coursework adaptations, and the option of demonstrating skills in alternative ways for students with disabilities; (5) encourage states and districts to form accommodation advisory groups and support training on accommodation; (6) continue to provide examples of alternate assessments and suggest a model for best practice in alternate assessments; (7) highlight best practices in reporting the scores of students with disabilities; and (8) fund projects to examine the effects of interventions on test scores and identify effective interventions. (CR)