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The Phonological Loop and Dual Language Learning: Do Growth Differences Exist across Languages?
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Arizmendi, Genesis D.; Asencio Pimentel, Monica F.; Li, Jui-Teng; Swanson, H. Lee – Bilingual Research Journal, 2023
The phonological loop of the working memory system plays a key role in language learning. This study examined the trajectories between two dual-language learner groups (English Learners [ELs] and Spanish Learners [SLs]) on phonological loop measures in L1 and L2. At Grade 1, children completed a battery of vocabulary and cognitive measures and…
Descriptors: Phonology, Second Language Learning, Native Language, English (Second Language)
Stability of Learning Disabilities, Cognitive Growth, and L1 in English Learners: A Latent Class and Transition Analysis
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Swanson, H. Lee; Kong, Jennifer; Petcu, Stefania D. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2023
This study investigated the stability of latent classes of students with learning disabilities among a heterogeneous sample of elementary-aged children whose first language is Spanish. To this end, children (N = 284) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 at Wave 1 (Year 1) were administered a battery of vocabulary, reading, math, and cognitive measures…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Students with Disabilities, English (Second Language), Spanish Speaking
The Stability of Learning Disabilities among Emergent Bilingual Children: A Latent Transition Analysis
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Swanson, H. Lee; Arizmendi, Genesis D.; Li, Jui-Teng – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
This study investigated the prevalence and stability of latent classes among elementary-aged English learning (EL) children whose first language is Spanish. To this end, EL children (N = 267) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 at Wave 1 (Year 1) were administered a battery of vocabulary, reading, math, and cognitive measures (short-term memory, working memory,…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Grade 2
Verbal and Visual-Spatial Working Memory: What Develops over a Life Span?
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Swanson, H. Lee – Developmental Psychology, 2017
This study investigates whether age-related changes in the structure of 5 complex working memory (WM) tasks (a) reflect a general or domain specific system, (b) follows a similar trajectory across different age spans, and (c) contribute domain general or domain specific resources to achievement measures. The study parsed the sample (N = 2,471)…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability, Short Term Memory
Does Growth in the Executive System of Working Memory Underlie Growth in Literacy for Bilingual Children with and without Reading Disabilities?
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Swanson, H. Lee; Orosco, Michael J.; Kudo, Milagros – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
This cohort-sequential study explored the components of working memory (WM) that underlie second language (L2) reading growth in 450 children at risk and not at risk for reading disabilities (RD) whose first language is Spanish. English language learners designated as balanced and nonbalanced bilinguals with and without risk for RD in Grades 1, 2,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Bilingualism, Reading Difficulties, Spanish Speaking
Cognition and Literacy in English Language Learners at Risk for Reading Disabilities: A Latent Transition Analysis
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Swanson, H. Lee; Kudo, Milagros; Guzman-Orth, Danielle – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
This study investigated the prevalence and stability of latent classes at risk for reading disabilities (RD) in elementary-aged children whose first language is Spanish. To this end, children (N = 489) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 at Wave 1 were administered a battery of reading, vocabulary, and cognitive measures (short-term memory [STM], working memory…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, At Risk Students, Reading Difficulties, Learning Disabilities