This study investigated the relationship of psychological masculinity and feminity in children to trait stereotyping and toy preferences. Subjects (157 boys and 157 girls in Grades K-4) were tested on a Child Test Battery, including the Child's Personal Attributes Questionnaire based on the adult PAQ (Spence, Helmreich & Stapp, 1974, 1975), the Trait Stereotype measure which parallels the CPAQ, and the Toy Preference test. Results showed highly significant differences between the means for boys and girls on the CPAQ scales. However, within each sex, M and F were essentially orthogonal. Highly significant sex differences were found on the Stereotype measure with each sex showing greater knowledge of same-sex stereotypes. Large sex differences were found in the expected direction in preference for sex-typed toys. However, no consistent relationship between knowledge of trait stereotypes and possession of parallel traits was found. Correlations between the CPAQ scales and the Toy Preference M and F scales were low, and in the predicted direction. These results suggest that in the investigation of psychological masculinity and femininity in children, it is necessary to keep the measurement of traits both conceptually and methodologically distinct from the study of other gender-related phenomena. (Author)