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Direct linkSparks, Richard L.; Alamer, Abdullah – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Although studies have consistently found negative correlations between second language (L2) anxiety and L2 achievement, the anxiety concept is criticized for the failure to consider confounding variables, particularly first language (L1) achievement, in the relationship between language anxiety and language achievement. Also, past studies tend to…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Native Language, Language Fluency, Achievement
Sparks, Richard L.; Luebbers, Julie; Castaneda, Martha; Patton, Jon – Modern Language Journal, 2018
A unique anxiety for foreign language (L2) learning has been hypothesized to explain students' problems with language learning. However, L2 anxiety instruments have been challenged on the grounds that they reflect students' language learning ability and/or perceptions of their language learning skills. In this study, 266 U.S. high school students…
Descriptors: High School Students, Spanish, Anxiety, Second Language Learning
Sparks, Richard L.; Patton, Jon; Luebbers, Julie – Foreign Language Annals, 2019
Studies with U.S. secondary second language (L2) learners have revealed individual differences (IDs) in first language (L1) skills and L2 aptitude and shown that these IDs are related to L2 achievement and proficiency. In this study, U.S. students were administered measures of L1 achievement, L1 cognitive processing, and L2 aptitude; followed…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Low Achievement, Language Aptitude, Second Language Learning
Sparks, Richard L.; Patton, Jon; Luebbers, Julie – Foreign Language Annals, 2018
Second language (L2) educators have proposed a unique anxiety for general L2 learning and an anxiety specific to L2 reading. Since the early 1990s, the L2 anxiety concept has been challenged on theoretical and empirical grounds. In this investigation, U.S. high school L2 learners were administered the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS)…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Reading Comprehension
Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Foreign Language Annals, 2007
Fifty-four students were followed over 10 years and tested with native language measures in first through fifth grades and measures of foreign language aptitude and foreign language proficiency in high school. All students had completed two years of Spanish, French, or German. Students were divided into three groups based on their scores on the…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), French, Spanish, German
Peer reviewedSparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Annals of Dyslexia, 1993
This replication study and follow-up study found that, when a multisensory structured language approach to teaching Spanish was used with a group of at-risk high school students, the group's pretest and posttest scores on native language phonological processing, verbal memory and vocabulary, and foreign language aptitude measures showed…
Descriptors: Followup Studies, High Risk Students, High Schools, Instructional Effectiveness
