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Shanahan, Timothy – Educational Leadership, 2013
Urban legends are plausible stories--told as truths--that revolve around the complexities and challenges of modern life. Sociologists have not managed to pin down exactly how and why these stories get started, but they are clearly spread by word of mouth and there is usually a grain of truth in them (and sometimes, as it turns out in the case of…
Descriptors: State Standards, Academic Standards, Misconceptions, Popular Culture
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Pikulski, John J.; Shanahan, Timothy – Reading Teacher, 1980
Reviews information about three major dimensions along which phonics measures vary: (1) group v individual administration, (2) production response (say or write) v recognition response, and (3) the stimuli or materials used to evaluate phonics. (HOD)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Elementary Education, Evaluation Methods, Phonics