This study investigates two hypotheses: (1) that black children experience more conflict over their racial identity than white children, and (2) that black children are less likely to identify with occupational role models than are white children are investigated in this study. Drawings of a person by 167 black and 156 white primary school children are analyzed for indicators of (1) acceptance of racial identity (drawing a person who is clearly one's own race); (2) conflict over racial identity (failing to color in the face of figure drawn); and (3) identification with an occupational role model (drawing a figure whose occupation is apparent). As predicted, the figures drawn by blacks looked more like blacks than those drawn by whites. This is said to be suggestive of a new acceptance of racial identity on the part of black children. Black children also showed greater conflict over their racial identity and less frequent identification with occupational role models than whites. Twenty-eight of the black children participated in a second phase of the study, which is considered to confirm the validity and reliability of the draw-a-person test as a measure of acceptance of racial identity, and which investigates intergroup attitudes. The effect of school desegregation on black children is explored in both phases of the research. It is concluded that desegregation may be more easily accomplished in the very early school years than in later years when race has assumed more importance. (Author/AM)