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Educational and Psychological…2
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Li, Tenglong2
Marcoulides, George A.2
Raykov, Tenko2
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On the Unlikely Case of an Error-Free Principal Component from a Set of Fallible Measures
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Raykov, Tenko; Marcoulides, George A.; Li, Tenglong – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018
This note extends the results in the 2016 article by Raykov, Marcoulides, and Li to the case of correlated errors in a set of observed measures subjected to principal component analysis. It is shown that when at least two measures are fallible, the probability is zero for any principal component--and in particular for the first principal…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Error of Measurement, Correlation, Reliability
On the Fallibility of Principal Components in Research
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Raykov, Tenko; Marcoulides, George A.; Li, Tenglong – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2017
The measurement error in principal components extracted from a set of fallible measures is discussed and evaluated. It is shown that as long as one or more measures in a given set of observed variables contains error of measurement, so also does any principal component obtained from the set. The error variance in any principal component is shown…
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Factor Analysis, Research Methodology, Psychometrics