This review of literature compares schooling at home and in school. After definitions of home schooling and conventional schooling are supplied, general characteristics of home schools are delineated. Discussion subsequently focuses on the outcomes of home schooling. With respect to cognitive outcomes, the evidence suggests that youth educated in the home school environment will generally do as well or better than their conventional school peers. The vast majority of home school students score well above average on achievement tests. Likewise, the available empirical data suggest that home school youth are doing at least as well as those in conventional schools in terms of affective outcomes. Generally, the literature suggests that home schooling is related to positive or desirable learner outcomes. Concluding remarks offer explanations for the positive character of home schooling and suggest directions for further research. (RH)