Rates of injury to school-aged athletes are of concern to pediatric providers and can be prevented when players, coaches, and parents recognize and address pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of a pain-reporting tool. In this study, 34 baseball players aged 10-16 years reported pain surrounding 135 separate pitching…

If special educators cannot identify pain in students with intellectual disability (ID), students cannot be referred to the school nurse for assessment and management. The purpose of this study was to examine how special educators identify pain in the school setting. Twenty-four special educators participated in focus groups aiming to (1) identify…

School nurses are afforded minimal resources related to assessing pain in students with intellectual disability (ID) and have called for continuing education. The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of an education program regarding best practices for assessing pain in students with ID. Educational sessions were presented to 248…