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| Educational Measurement:… | 1 |
| Evaluation and the Health… | 1 |
| J Educ Meas | 1 |
| Journal of Educational… | 1 |
| Phi Delta Kappan | 1 |
| Principal | 1 |
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| Popham, W. James | 9 |
| Husek, T. R. | 1 |
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| Journal Articles | 3 |
| Guides - Non-Classroom | 2 |
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| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
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Popham, W. James – Phi Delta Kappan, 1974
Discusses advantages and disadvantages of norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests. (JF)
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Norm Referenced Tests, Testing, Testing Problems
Download full textPopham, W. James – 1974
Since mid-1971 the Instructional Objectives Exchange has been engaged in a major effort to develop and disseminate criterion-referenced tests in the fields of reading, mathematics, language arts, and social studies. This paper isolates the chief technical decision-alternatives faced in this project, such as: (1) the optimal number of tests to…
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Educational Objectives, Evaluation Needs, Measurement Techniques
Peer reviewedPopham, W. James – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1978
A defense of the use of standards with criterion-referenced testing is made in response to Glass's article (TM 504 031). (JKS)
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Criterion Referenced Tests, Evaluation Criteria, Mastery Tests
Popham, W. James – Principal, 1982
Norm-referenced testing is not appropriate for use in teacher evaluation. A truly equitable method of teacher evaluation is based on a clear set of instructional targets and on the teacher's effectiveness in helping students master the specific skills and knowledge targeted. (Author/MLF)
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Educational Testing, Elementary Education, Norm Referenced Tests
Peer reviewedPopham, W. James – Evaluation and the Health Professions, 1978
Norm-referenced tests are inappropriate for evaluating health care practitioners; criterion referenced tests better describe what is not being measured. Reliable assessment of competency should focus on the valid testing of reasonable numbers of important skills. Available from: Sage Publications, Inc., 275 South Beverly Drive, Beverly Hills,…
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Needs
Peer reviewedPopham, W. James – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 1992
Test specifications need to take a middle road so that they are not so general that instructional targeting is impossible and not so specific that only unitary assessment targets are fostered. Using illustrative sample items provides a good means of communicating the items eligible to be tested. (SLD)
Descriptors: Accountability, Criterion Referenced Tests, Educational Assessment, Elementary Secondary Education
Popham, W. James; Husek, T. R. – J Educ Meas, 1969
Research partially supported by the UCLA Center for the Study of Evaluation of Instructional Programs.
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Evaluation Criteria, Item Analysis, Measurement
Popham, W. James – 1976
Problems in constructing criterion referenced tests related to inadequate technical criteria, and guidelines for their solution are discussed. The need to select a well-defined domain of behaviors is emphasized as the key to test construction and to understanding students' test performance. Considerations must also be given to the most effective…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Behavioral Objectives, Comparative Analysis, Criterion Referenced Tests
Popham, W. James – 1976
Criterion-referenced and norm-referenced tests are compared, and norm-referenced tests are found to have inadequacies as a basis for evaluation or instructional improvement. Disadvantages of norm-referenced tests, which measure a student's performance relative to the performance of other students, are: (1) mismatches between local curriculum and…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Criterion Referenced Tests, Curriculum Evaluation
