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Direct linkSelzam, Saskia; Dale, Philip S.; Wagner, Richard K.; DeFries, John C.; Cederlöf, Martin; O'Reilly, Paul F.; Krapohl, Eva; Plomin, Robert – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2017
It is now possible to create individual-specific genetic scores, called genome-wide polygenic scores (GPS). We used a GPS for years of education ("EduYears") to predict reading performance assessed at UK National Curriculum Key Stages 1 (age 7), 2 (age 12) and 3 (age 14) and on reading tests administered at ages 7 and 12 in a UK sample…
Descriptors: Genetics, Biological Sciences, Scores, Prediction
Luo, Yu L. L.; Kovas, Yulia; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Plomin, Robert – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
The genetic and environmental origins of individual differences in mathematical self-evaluation over time and its association with later mathematics achievement were investigated in a UK sample of 2138 twin pairs at ages 9 and 12. Self-evaluation indexed how good children think they are at mathematical activities and how much they like those…
Descriptors: National Curriculum, Twins, Mathematics Achievement, Etiology
Dale, Philip S.; Harlaar, Nicole; Plomin, Robert – Language Learning, 2012
Variability in achievement across learners is a hallmark of second language (L2) learning, especially in academic-based learning. The Twins Early Development Study (TEDS), based on a large, population-representative sample in the United Kingdom, provides the first opportunity to examine individual differences in second language achievement in a…
Descriptors: National Curriculum, Twins, Structural Equation Models, Second Language Learning
Oliver, Bonamy R.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Cognitive Development, 2007
A behavioral genetic analysis of general writing ability was conducted using teacher assessments based on UK National Curriculum criteria for a sample of 3296 same-sex pairs of 7-year-old twins. Writing was highly heritable within the normal range (0.66) and at the low extreme (0.70). Environmental influences were almost all non-shared, with…
Descriptors: Writing Ability, Reading Skills, National Curriculum, Genetics
Kovas, Yulia; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Petrill, Stephen A.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2007
The genetic and environmental etiologies of 3 aspects of low mathematical performance (math disability) and the full range of variability (math ability) were compared for boys and girls in a sample of 5,348 children age 10 years (members of 2,674 pairs of same-sex and opposite-sex twins) from the United Kingdom (UK). The measures, which we…
Descriptors: National Curriculum, Nature Nurture Controversy, Genetics, Etiology
Harlaar, Nicole; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2007
Little is known about the underlying causes and developmental patterns of stability and change in early reading abilities. In a longitudinal study of twins (n=4,291 pairs), individual differences in reading achievement assessed by teachers using U.K. National Curriculum (NC) criteria showed substantial heritabilities at ages 7, 9, and 10 years…
Descriptors: Early Reading, Environmental Influences, Reading Ability, Reading Achievement
Harlaar, Nicole; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2006
In a companion paper, word recognition skills assessed by telephone using the Test of Word Reading Efficiency (TOWRE) were found to correlate highly with National Curriculum (NC) teacher-assessed reading ability in 7-year-old twins. This study examined the genetic and environmental origins of this high correlation. TOWRE and NC scores were both…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Genetics, Word Recognition, Individual Differences
Spinath, Birgit; Spinath, Frank M.; Harlaar, Nicole; Plomin, Robert – Intelligence, 2006
The present study examined the extent to which motivation contributes to the prediction of school achievement among elementary school children beyond general mental ability ("g"). The sample consisted of "N" = 1678 nine-year-old UK elementary school children who took part in the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). Teachers…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Prediction, Cognitive Ability, Student Motivation
