This paper reports on first-year results for an evaluation of the New York School Choice Scholarships Foundation program, which was designed to provide scholarships for children from low-income families currently attending public schools to transfer to private schools. Families won scholarships through a lottery. Researchers examined data from scholarship and nonscholarship students' scores on the Iowa Test in Basic Skills in reading and mathematics and from parent/caretaker surveys regarding their children's school experiences. Results indicated that after 1 year, students who received scholarships scored higher in math and reading; parents of scholarship users were much more satisfied with their children's education; scholarship students were being educated in smaller schools and classes and were being asked to do more homework; parents of scholarship students reported more frequent school communications; 75 percent of those offered scholarships used them; and families of scholarship applicants were similar to those eligible for participation in terms of income, but were more likely to be dependent on governmental assistance and to be African American. (SM)