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Direct linkShepard, Lorrie A.; Penuel, William R.; Davidson, Kristen L. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2017
The Every Student Succeeds Act grants states new flexibility to create more balanced assessment systems with a greater role for formative assessment. Drawing on lessons learned over three decades of research and reform, we argue that state and local leaders should take the lead in designing new assessments guided by two core principles: First,…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation, Formative Evaluation, Test Construction
Download full textKhanna, Ritu; Trousdale, Donna; Penuel, William R.; Kell, Judy – 1999
The initiatives taken by one school district to support professional development for principals in using data for school planning and reform were studied. A data-planning training model was developed in the San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD) (California) to build skills principals need to read, interpret, and use multiple sources of…
Descriptors: Data Analysis, Data Collection, Educational Assessment, Educational Planning
