Adults need to recognize and understand the importance of the parent-child relationship in supporting infants and young children who are exposed to traumatic events. All children need the support, security, and safety that come with a consistent, emotionally available relationship. For young children who have a more limited understanding and ability to cope with trauma than older children do, their sense of security in relationships is even more important. For optimal development, a young child depends on trusting, nurturing relationships with parents or caregivers who are available to understand their behavior and protect them by providing physical and emotional safety (Bowlby, 1988).