This report describes patterns of racial enrollment and segregation in U.S. public schools at the national, regional, state, and district levels using the 2000-01 NCES Common Core of Data. Trends in desegregation and resegregation over the last one-third century are also examined. Whites are the most segregated group, attending schools that are, on average, 80 percent white. Schools are becoming steadily more nonwhite as minority enrollment approaches 40 percent of all students. The most dramatic growth is among Latino and Asian students. Latinos are the most segregated, and Asians the most integrated, racial group. A substantial group of virtually all nonwhite schools have emerged. The nation's largest city school systems account for a shrinking share of the total enrollment and are overwhelmingly nonwhite and increasingly segregated. The balkanization of school districts and difficulty of creating desegregated schools within these cities show the major consequences of the Supreme Court's 1974 Miliken v. Bradley decision blocking Detroit's city-suburban desegregation. Segregation and desegregation are no longer merely urban concerns, but wider metropolitan issues. During the 1990s, the proportion of black students in majority white schools decreased by 13 percentage points to a level lower than any year since 1968. (SM)