Two papers examine proposed programs for the disabled in developing nations of Asia and practical drawbacks to integrated education for handicapped pupils in developing countries. The first paper contrasts government rehabilitation policy and planning in Asian countries with the strategies currently advocated by international organizations in the…

The scripts are intended for broadcasting in translation to villages in Pakistan to raise awareness about disabilities and to provide practical advice to parents of disabled children. The initial broadcast emphasizes the essential humanity of all disabled persons, while subsequent broadcasts address issues in raising children with mental…

This article summarizes results from action-oriented studies carried out at the Mental Heath Centre in Peshawar, Pakistan, dealing with such topics as attitudes toward disability, casual integration, and trends in polio paralysis. The article also considers problems associated with the dissemination of special education and rehabilitation research…

This paper uses experiences in Pakistan to address issues in the application of European-based principles of disability-related concepts and services to cultures in South Asia, especially Pakistan and India. Emphasis is on understanding the South Asian conceptual world of disability so that "development" rather than "transfer"…

This paper reviews the literature and presents a bibliography on the situation of people with mental retardation in Bangladesh. It begins with a review of the history of mental retardation in East Bengal, India (now Bangladesh) from the 1770s onwards but focuses on the development of disability information and formal services since the creation of…

The paper reviews a decade's efforts to influence Pakistan's disability policies towards greater involvement of existing community resources, rather than heavy government investment in institutional development. Differences between progressive Western views and pragmatic Third World planners are described. An information systems approach is…

This paper reviews research and evaluates information gathered on disabilities and service development in South Asia, especially India and Pakistan. The concept of "community-based rehabilitation" (CBR), which stresses the need for rehabilitation efforts rooted in the context of local cultural concepts, is discussed. The paper emphasizes…

The development of special education in Pakistan is examined, including the present "National Policy for Special Education." Development issues and constraints are discussed, such as motives for having a special education system, comparison and contrast between Western and Asian approaches, and appropriate deployment of scarce resources.…

The development of special education in Pakistan since 1947 is outlined. The relevance to Pakistan of Western-style education is questioned as is the possibility of providing services to the majority of children with special needs in the foreseeable future. Some alternative measures such as providing information services to basic health workers…

The majority of children with cerebral palsy in developing countries have no access to trained therapists; for example, in Pakistan, there is less than one trained general physiotherapist per million population. In Pakistan, cerebral palsy handling skills were taught to a group of parents, teachers, and paraprofessionals in a series of practical…

This paper examines the cultural traditions of South Asia, especially India and Pakistan, regarding the education of children with special needs. This valuable cultural heritage has been largely ignored in the inflow of western educational ideas and the professionalization of special education, especially in the late 19th century. Improved…

The concept of information-based rehabilitation has emerged from implementation of information and communication strategies with rural Asian blind persons. Radio broadcast of mobility skill instruction is considered as a medium for mass dissemination of information to blind persons. Information derived from the experiences of blind people should…

This report focuses on a project in Afghanistan that coordinates the efforts of several agencies to develop community-directed disability, rehabilitation, and education services. The program stresses community mobilization aided by skills transfer from expatriate specialists, and includes physical therapy, prosthetics, living skills and mobility…

This work reports upon a 1990 questionnaire survey of 16 Pakistani leaders in the field of mental handicap. Results are compared with those of a similar survey conducted in 1982. Most respondents reported that services in this field have increased both in quantity and quality. Differing views were expressed concerning: ease or difficulty of…