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McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Guerrero, Tricia A.; Kent, Kevin M.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S.; Chao, Szu-Fu; Steinberg, Jonathan; O'Reilly, Tenaha; Sabatini, John – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2018
Background knowledge is a strong predictor of reading comprehension, yet little is known about how different types of background knowledge affect comprehension. The study investigated the impacts of both domain and topic-specific background knowledge on students' ability to comprehend and learn from science texts. High school students (n = 3,650)…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Reading Comprehension, High School Students, Pretests Posttests
McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Guerrero, Tricia A.; Kent, Kevin M.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S.; Chao, Szu-Fu; Steinberg, Jonathan; O'Reilly, Tenaha; Sabatini, John – Grantee Submission, 2018
Background knowledge is a strong predictor of reading comprehension; yet little is known about how different types of background knowledge affect comprehension. The study investigated the impacts of both domain and topic-specific background knowledge on students' ability to comprehend and learn from science texts. High school students (n = 3650)…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Reading Comprehension, High School Students, Pretests Posttests
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McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Likens, Aaron D.; Kopp, Kristopher K.; Perret, Cecile A.; Watanabe, Micah; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2018
The current study explored relations between non-cognitive traits (Grit, Learning Orientation, Performance Orientation), reading skill, and performance across three experiments conducted in the context of two intelligent tutoring systems, iSTART and Writing Pal. Results showed that learning outcomes (comprehension score, holistic essay score) were…
Descriptors: Persistence, Individual Characteristics, Reading Skills, Performance
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Weston-Sementelli, Jennifer L.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2018
Source-based essays are evaluated both on the quality of the writing and the content appropriate interpretation and use of source material. Hence, composing a high-quality source-based essay (an essay written based on source material) relies on skills related to both reading (the sources) and writing (the essay) skills. As such, source-based…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Writing Strategies, Writing Instruction, Essays
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McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Jacovina, Matthew E.; Snow, Erica L.; Guerrero, Tricia A.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2017
iSTART is an intelligent tutoring system designed to provide self-explanation instruction and practice to improve students' comprehension of complex, challenging text. This study examined the effects of extended game-based practice within the system as well as the effects of two metacognitive supports implemented within this practice. High school…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Instruction, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Reading Strategies
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Jacovina, Matthew E.; Jackson, G. Tanner; Snow, Erica L.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2016
Game-based practice within Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) can be optimized by examining how properties of practice activities influence learning outcomes and motivation. In the current study, we manipulated when game-based practice was available to students. All students (n = 149) first completed lesson videos in iSTART-2, an ITS focusing on…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Educational Games, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Reading Instruction
Weston-Sementelli, Jennifer L.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2016
Source-based essays are evaluated both on the quality of the writing and the content appropriate interpretation and use of source material. Hence, composing a high-quality source-based essay (an essay written based on source material) relies on skills related to both reading (the sources) and writing (the essay) skills. As such, source-based…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Writing Strategies, Reading Strategies, Content Area Writing
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Snow, Erica L.; Allen, Laura K.; Jacovina, Matthew E.; Crossley, Scott A.; Perret, Cecile A.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Journal of Learning Analytics, 2015
Writing researchers have suggested that students who are perceived as strong writers (i.e., those who generate texts rated as high quality) demonstrate flexibility in their writing style. While anecdotally this has been a commonly held belief among researchers and educators, there is little empirical research to support this claim. This study…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Writing Strategies, Hypothesis Testing, Essays
Snow, Erica L.; Allen, Laura K.; Jacovina, Matthew E.; Crossley, Scott A.; Perret, Cecile A.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2015
Writing researchers have suggested that students who are perceived as strong writers (i.e., those who generate texts rated as high quality) demonstrate flexibility in their writing style. While anecdotally this has been a commonly held belief among researchers and educators, there is little empirical research to support this claim. This study…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Writing Strategies, Hypothesis Testing, Essays
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Kurby, Christopher A.; Magliano, Joseph P.; Dandotkar, Srikanth; Woehrle, James; Gilliam, Sara; McNamara, Danielle S. – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2012
This study assessed whether and how self-explanation reading training, provided by iSTART (Interactive Strategy Training for Active Reading and Thinking), improves the effectiveness of comprehension processes. iSTART teaches students how to self-explain and which strategies will most effectively aid comprehension from moment-to-moment. We used…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Federal Aid, Control Groups, Experimental Groups